Family, Child Rearing, And Socio Economical Class

Family, Child Rearing, and Socio-economical Class This week’s readings are following the theme of the class, and its connection to forming a family and child rearing. There are three articles that discuss the way children are raised, the effect of marriage on the class and on the growing inequality as well as the pressure that people face due to instability in their jobs and economic life. Connecting socioeconomics and sociocentrism orientation, class and family are shown from different angles in order to understand inequalities and class divisions. The article â€Å"De-Homogenizing American Individualism: Socializing Hard and Soft Individualism in Manhattan and Queens† is written by Adrie Suzanne Kusserow. She is an Associate Professor of†¦show more content†¦Indeed, the main theme of the paper is stated by Kusserow: â€Å"This paper is a description of the three New York communities different styles of individualism, as well as a discussion of how both sociocentrism and individualistic strains coexisted in two of them.† (214) In her investigation based on interviews with a parent of different social classes and preschool teachers, Kusserow had characterized three different styles of individualism: soft offensive, hard defensive and hard offensive individualism (216). This different style of individualism was the outcome of child’s self through observation and searching for the complexity and prevalence within the children from different social classes in New York communities: South Rockaway Carter Hill, and Beach Channel. The common aspect between the interviewee was the white race of the parents. Her field work led to the verdict that â€Å"parental conceptions of the child’s self did not reflect bipolar class constructs (a solely conforming working-class and a self-directed upper-middle class), nor was one generic brand of individualism sufficient to characterize them all† (214). Kusserow understood that the different atmospheres that they lived in cause the creation of these indivi dualistic strands and the differences in a way that they choose to reach life goal. Surprisingly, she believes that the various distinction of individualism is unique to the world in which people grew at. Thus, it can’t be further applied even toShow MoreRelatedPsychodynamics Of The Family Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Psychodynamics of the Family†, taken from The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender, published in 1978, remains one of Nancy Chodorow most influential works. Chodorow establishes in â€Å"The Psychodynamics of the Family† her interpretation and analysis of the heterosexual dynamic within the social and familial context, and the effects of mothering, manhood and womanhood on the perpetuation of the family. The article is structured in three parts: â€Å"Oedipal AsymmetriesRead MoreEssay on Social Structure and Its Effect On Our Lives2005 Words   |  9 Pagesarrangements for example; class, gender and ethnicity are all constraints that each society has to deal with in one way or another.   One of the most fundamental of the social structures would be class.   Class structure is found in all societies and is the key source of economical inequality.   Members of different class groups start their lives with unequal opportunities.   This means that when someone is born into a poor household    they will undoubtedly remain in the same economical situation they beganRead MoreWhat Are the Major Issues That Cause Inner City Youth to Join Gangs and Become Delinquent? Discuss Whether the New Labour Government’s Policies Have Been Effective in Solving These Issues?8138 Words   |  33 Pagesstatus and personal protection. Generally there are many factors motivating inner city youth to join gangs, these tend to vary from individual to individual with various social and economic reasons also involved. Power, status, security, friendship, family substitute, economic profit, substance abuse influences, and numerous other factors can influence youth to join gangs L, Jackson. (1998) lists the following causes: * Frequent exposure to crime and violence during formative years * Few positiveRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesconflict: In their greed to make a profit, a marketer convinces those who may be dying from an incurable disease to buy a product that may not be a cure, but which a desperately ill person (or members of his or her family) may choose to purchase in an effort to save the dying family member suffering. Promoting and marketing such products violates rules of marketing ethics. Ethical dilemmas facing marketing professionals today fall into one of three categories: tobacco and alcohol promoting, consumer

Essay on History of Basketball - 671 Words

History of Basketball â€Å"According anywhere from Australia to the United States and everywhere in between the game of basketball is played.† (Faurschou, â€Å"History of basketball†). The game is played anywhere where you can get a ball and something to throw the ball through. â€Å"G.L Pierce patented basketball on June 25, 1929.† (Bellis, â€Å"Basketball-James Naismith†). Basketball became an official Olympic sport in the 1936 game. â€Å"Both the Aztecs and the Mayans had a version of the game of basketball. The Mayans played the first basketball game around 500 years ago, although their ball was a human skull of a conquered foe!† (Faurschou, â€Å"History of basketball†). Aspects of the games included today’s basketball, American football, and†¦show more content†¦May 18, 2014.) The ABA had a flashy style of play. At the time dunking in the NBA wasn’t allowed but the ABA allowed dunking which brought countless people to watch. The league featured big named players like Julius â€Å"Dr. J† Erving, George â€Å" The iceman† Gervin, Artis Gilmore, and Moses Malone. â€Å"The league couldn’t survive due to its lack of business sense. The ABA featured the three pointer which was considered the homerun of basketball.† (â€Å"Remember the ABA†, March 25 2014. Web. May 18, 2014.) The ABA and the NBA were fierce rivals fighting for players and media attention. After nine fierce years the ABA folded. â€Å"Four of the ABA teams were absorbed by the NBA, they were the strongest teams of the ABA and the names of the teams were the New York Nets, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers, and the San Antonio Spurs. The rest of the teams vanished alongside the ABA.† (â€Å"Remember the ABA†, March 25 2014. Web. May 18, 2014.) â€Å"The NBA was formed in August 3rd 1949. The basketball association of America (BAA) and the National Basketball League (NBL) merged to form the NBA. At the beginning the NBA had 17 teams. The 17 teams were in both small and large cities and towns.† (â€Å"NBA is born.† 2014 The History Channel website. May 18 2014. Web. â€Å"Basketball has become an international game. The International Basketball Federation also known as FIBA oversees international competitions. There are currently 213 teams. The FIBA has estimates that around the world around 450Show MoreRelatedHistory of Basketball848 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Basketball Basketball has been around for over 100 years, and from the very beginning to now, the sport has come a long way. Basketball is extremely popular around the world, it is a court game played by two teams of five players each. The object is to put a ball through a hoop, or basket, and thus score more points than the opposing team (Naismith). Today there is the NBA as the professional league and colleges all across America has picked up the game of basketball also. TodayRead MoreHistory of Basketball2447 Words   |  10 PagesOne of the greatest sports in the world is goes by the name of basketball. This great game was invented by James Naismith December of 1891. James Naismith was a physician from Canada and attended McGill’s University in Montreal, Canada. After working as McGill’s Athletic director he went to Springfield, Massachusetts. He introduced the game when he was an instructor at the Young Men Christian Association Training School in Springfield. He created the game because he needed to think of something theRead MoreThe History of Basketball577 Words   |  2 PagesBasketball is a sport that was created for a gym class and evolved into a worldwide sensation . Basketball was created in 1891 by a man named James Naismith. He originally created the game for his gym class because, it was unbearable outside for any other sports , and the game originally was nonphysical and only had 13 rules. When basketball was first created , there were unlimited players allowed on the court and present day there are only five players per team allowed on the court. Also,Read More History Of Basketball Essay737 Words   |  3 Pages History of Basketball nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Who is known world-wide as the inventor of basketball? His name is Dr. James Naismith, he was born in 1861 in Almonte, Ontario. Most people wonder were a young man would think of a game like basketball. The concept of basketball was born from his school days in the area where he played a simple childs game known as duck-on-a-rock outside his one-room schoolhouse. The game involved attempting to knock a quot;duckquot; off the top of a largeRead MoreHistory of Basketball Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pages The game of basketball is recognizable high school or the NBA. The sport is very popular and is played worldwide. Everyone may also know the sport from some names of basketball stars. Maybe the names Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Dr. J, Lebron James, Kobe Bryant, or Carmelo Anthony ring a bell. They are all outstanding players of the game and have a significant understanding of how the game is played. Basketball has changed alot overtime and has become one of Americas most played sports. ItRead MoreThe History and Development of Basketball Essay1047 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever speculated who created basketball? Maybe even if different cultures played it and how they did? What the original rules were? How it has been altered since it was first invented? All of these answers can be found in this paper. Did you know that our ancestors played a game sort of like basketball before it was even invented? Centuries ago in Mexico, people played games where they used a ball and hoop. They would take turns trying to toss the ball into the basket and keep trackRead MoreA Brief History of Basketball438 Words   |  2 Pages Basketball is a sport played by many individuals throughout the world. The sport was created in December of 1891 by Dr. James Naismith, and has slowly evolved ever since. Originally, the sport was played with a soccer ball and peach baskets, and was of a much slower pace compared to the basketball games of today. By 1906, the peach baskets were replaced with metal hoops and backboards. By the early 19th century, many colleges had adopted basketball as one of their sport. Soon after, high schoolsRead MoreEssay about Evolution and History of Basketball1756 Words   |  8 PagesEvolution and History of Basketball There is no such sport more convenient or accessible than basketball. It is fun, practical, and affordable. Its also a common and healthy alternative to electronic entertainment. However, such a great sport could not come about by itself. There was an idea behind it. And behind that idea was a man, Dr. James Naismith. James Naismith was born near Almonte, Ontario on November 6, 1861. He was the eldest son of Scottish immigrants John and MargaretRead MoreJames Naismith And The Creation Of Basketball1093 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness English 9 October 2017 James Naismith and the Creation of Basketball In 1891, Dr. James Naismith was teaching at a local YMCA when he came up with a game that could be played inside during the Winter (Laughead). The game that Naismith created would later be known worldwide as â€Å"basketball.† This game has greatly influenced the sports industry with fans, players, and professional teams all over the world. Basketball took a long time to develop into what it is today, but it is nowRead MoreBasketball s Influence On Basketball1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe history behind basketball may appeal boring to some, but it is astounding as it is for the exhilaration of watching a professional player score a game-winning three-pointer or a half-court shot. The first official game of basketball occurred on January 20, 1892 in Springfield, Massachusetts (Faurschou). From what is now a popular sport worldwide started off with an interesting history, but the roots of basketball was full of individual challenges, each making the sport difficul t to retain a public

Origins Of Alternative Education In India Education Essay Free Essays

string(33) " up to the earlier 19th century\." Harmonizing to one of the position, instruction has been derived from the Latin word educare which means to convey up or to raise. Harmonizing to this position, instruction is procedure of leaving to an single certain information and cognition which was considered by the society. Education implies the alteration of the behavior of the person by enforcing criterions of society upon him. We will write a custom essay sample on Origins Of Alternative Education In India Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, this derivation gives the construct of teacher-centred instead than child-centred instruction. There is another group of minds who believes that the term ‘education ‘ has been derived from the Latin word ‘educere ‘ which means to ‘lead out ‘ or ‘to pull out ‘ . Education hence, means to take out or pull out the best in adult male. It is the procedure of ‘drawing out from within ‘ instead than ‘imposing from without ‘ . In the Indian Context the Education agencies The Indian Synonyms of Education are the words ‘Shiksha ‘ and ‘vidya ‘ . Shiksha is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root ‘Shas ‘ which means to ‘discipline ‘ ‘to control ‘ ‘to instruct ‘ or ‘to Teach ‘ . Similarly Vidya is besides derived from Sanskrit verbal root ‘vid ‘ which means ‘to know ‘ . Hence the training the head and acquisition of cognition have ever been the dominant subject in Indian attacks to understanding the instruction. Experimental acquisition The experimental instruction is an organic and invariably germinating attack to larning.According to them they believe that ‘anyone can make it ‘ . The thoughts advocated can be replicated about anyplace, and can be used, as some are making, in mainstream ( authorities and private ) schools. This type of teaching method aids in Enhancement in Education. It explores the ways in which kids can detect their ain endowments and involvement, at their ain endowments and involvement, at their ain topographic points, in their ain ways, assisted by instructors, parents, and friends and others-learning in and from their neighbors, their small town, their community and the environment in which they live. It tells that how instruction can be successful in footings of kid ‘s ain demand for cognition. This sort of instruction therefore relies to a great extent on experiential acquisition which compiles of advanced attacks, method, and thought of acquisition, purpose to be child centred ) . The relevant and liberating instruction should include: – Bing child-focussed- the kid is the Centre. The kid dictates the gait and involvements. Leting larning in multiple ways. Enhancing the senses through acquisition. Not being sole, there is a ( government-prescribed ) scrutiny for school completion, nor it should sole in the footings of category, gender, caste or faith. Meeting a kid ‘s life -enriching demands in conformity with kid rights, leaving religious values, cognition of moral, societal norms and responsibilities and eventually, it should seek out to run into life-development demands of functional preparation of unconditioned endowments, and vocational instruction. The importance of instruction being child-centred, get downing from what the kid knows and is interested in, and at the gait preferred by the kid. Now Approach to primary instruction has been officially accepted non merely by the one state but besides by the whole universe including the developed and under developing states as a human right for about half a century. Yet, today even we enter into the epoch of twenty-first Century ; there is merely about three-fourthss of kids of school-going kids are able to go to a primary school. In a development states big figure drop-out of kids took topographic point before making Class V and there are many others who are ne’er able to make schools. Although the state like India in which the authorities had placed a high precedence on instruction in policy statements, every clip fails because of proper execution is missing in the policy. Thus an India base with 30 per cent of the universe ‘s nonreaders has female literacy rates much lower than in sub-Saharan Africa [ PROBE 1999 ] . The universe ‘s largest figure of kids who are out-of-school is reached the grade which is close to 59 million are in India, out of which 60 per centum are misss ( Human Development Report 2000, UN ) .37 per centum of the kids from India are unable to make Class V [ Haq and Haq 1998 ] . And this despite the Directive Principles in Article 45 of the Indian Constitution which prescribes that the province shall seek to supply, within a term of office of 10 old ages from the beginning of the Constitution, for free and mandatory instruction for all kids until they reach the age of 14. Although after this determination the figure of primary schools has increased 2.82 times since 1951 and registrations have improved, the duty of the authorities for making a satisfactory substructure has in pattern non been matched by matching out-lays which continue to stay deplorably unequal at around 3 per cent of the GDP. The huge figure of labyrinth of literature on primary instruction in India has identified assorted grounds for its abysmal province ; why kids bead out and why they remain u n enrolled or non traveling in the school. In this infinite several surveies have been done which indicated that the hapless quality of schooling is responsible for low keeping [ Colclough 1993 ; Bhatty Kiran 1998 ; PROBE 1999 ; Banerji 2000 ; Dreze and Gazdar 1996 ] . However, most of these surveies look at the job of instruction within the confines of the schoolroom. They tend to disregard or underact the fact that besides hapless quality, demotivated or un interested instructors and unequal substructure, there are larger other structural restraints which impede entree of kids to schools. There are several literature written on primary instruction in India besides reveals that entree and keeping remain job countries in this domain. Beginnings of Alternate Education in India History Overview The present mainstream educational system was inaugurated in India in the mid-nineteenth century. Over the following century ; it about wholly supplanted earlier educational establishments. There had, earlier, been a broad web of little small town schools- pathsahlas, gurukuls and madarasas. There was a construct of ‘One Village-One School ‘ and was become the norm in assorted parts of the state, up to the earlier 19th century. You read "Origins Of Alternative Education In India Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" A big figure of such learning schools-reportedly100, 000 was merely in Bihar and Bengal. They played of import societal function and ‘were, in fact irrigating holes of civilization of traditional communities ‘ . ( Dharampal, 2000 ) .Students from assorted castes studied in these schools, although there was no such favoritism on the footing of castes, credo and coloring material. It was unfastened for all but there must hold been disproporti onately representation in the school, the male childs outnumbered misss. Most of the misss learnt a scope of accomplishments within their places ; from parents, relations, and private tutors- including Humanistic disciplines, trades, practical accomplishments, agribusiness, wellness and linguistic communications. Harking back to the tradition of monasteries and ashrams, schools interspersed preparation in practical life accomplishments with academic instruction. As the clip goes on within the overall context of diminution of local economic systems, these went into diminution and decay under colonial regulation. Intentionally the policy was employed by the authorities to pass over out this community based schooling, and replace it with an foreign theoretical account. In 1931, Gandhi alleged that ‘ today India is more illiterate than it was 50 or a 100 old ages ago ‘ ( M.K.Gandhi 1931, Dharampal 2000 ) . He besides added that British decision makers had ‘aˆÂ ¦.scratched the dirt and begun to look at the root, and left the root like that and beautiful tree perished. ‘ Autochthonal instruction was replaced by an foreigner and rootless, intentionally set up, as it was explained by Lord Macaulay ( 1835 ) , to ‘form a category who interprets between us and the 1000000s we govern. Despite the transportation of power in 1947, Indian schools continued in the same mold. Some alterations were introduced: the authorities expanded its range and web of schools in both rural and urban countries and local slang linguistic communications were accepted as medium of direction in these schools. Today we have huge web and figure of authorities in our state and turning figure of private tally establishments. Yet, the basic format remained the unchanged, a big figure of school today based on derivative and mechanistic theoretical account. They are designed to bring forth persons who fit into modern society and its ( Consumerist and competitory ) Valuess, and are easy to regulate since they learn to be extremely disciplined within hierarchal, centrally administered establishments. Schooling therefore, tends to reenforce societal inequalities-Class, caste and gender. Affluent Children go to in private run schools, while hapless attend schools run by the province because for hap less entree to private school has become the dream. Despite of Vital differences in installations and support, all these schools portion a similar ethos. The acclivity is on absorbing information instead on original thought and imaginativeness. The set up is centralised and bureaucratic, instructors distanced from pupils largely simply making a occupation, while school act as a bringing points for a set course of study and content. Schools generate ‘failures ‘ in big scale-contributing to crises of assurance at national degree. Early Pioneers Alternative or the experimental acquisition to the educational system began to emerge every bit early as the late nineteenth and the early 20th century ‘s. Some of these attempts truly tag a important alteration and their attempts are still seeable. Social reformists began researching alternate instruction by the late of 19th century. Swami Vivekananda, Dayanand Saraswati, Syed Ahmed Khan, Jyotiba Phule, Savitribai Phule and others promoted the thought of instruction as a force for societal regeneration, and set up schools/institutions toward this terminal. Vivekananda and Dayanand Saraswati combined spiritual revival with societal service/ political work, through the Rama krishna Mission and Arya Samaj Schools severally. Syed Ahmed Khan set up the Aligarh Muslim University ( originally, Mohammadan Anglo Oriental College ) , with the ends of leaving modern instruction without compromising on Islamic Values. Jyotiba and Savitribai Phule were actively concerned with get the bette r ofing the societal inequalities. They chiefly work with the dalit kids and miss schooling in Maharashtra. There were some Significant educationalists emerges in half of the 20th century included Rabindra Nath Tagore, Mahatma Gandhi, Jiddu Krishnamurthy, Gijubhai Badheka And Sri Aurobindo. By the mid of the 1920s and 1930s, these loyalists had created the figure of feasible theoretical accounts of alternate acquisition, as a considered response to the ailments of mainstream instruction. Some of the thoughts were in confederation with the battles for national Independence and the revival of Indian society. The ‘alternatives ‘ emphatic committednesss, and mutual links between school and the society. Rabindranath Tagore pointed out several restrictions of school set up by colonial governments, in his Hagiographas Shikhar Her Fer ( 1893 ) and Shikhar Bahan ( 1915 ) . As a kid, Tagore had refused to go to School ; he subsequently wrote, ‘What tortured me in my school yearss was the fact that the school has non the completeness of the universe. It was a particular agreement fo r giving lessonsaˆÂ ¦But kids are in love with life, and it is their first love. All its coloring material and motion attract their eager attending. And are quite certain of our wisdom in smothering this love? We rob the kid of his Earth to learn him geographics, of linguistic communication to learn him grammaraˆÂ ¦Child-Nature protest against such catastrophe with all its power of agony, subdued at last into silence by penalty. ‘ ( Tagore, in Chakravarty1961, pg 218 ; in Prasad2005, pg81 ) . Tagore set up his ain option to the predominating educational system: Vishwa Bharati in Shantiniketan, Bengal. Classes here, were- and still are held in the lap of nature. Vishwa Bharati becomes a Centre for excellence in art and aesthetics, originative activities and consciousness of local every bit good as universe civilizations. Gandhi ‘s position resembles Tagore ‘s in the accent on contextually relevant instruction, mother lingua as the medium of direction, and resistance to examination-oriented studious stretch. He translated his vision into pattern through a series of school, get downing in Phoenix Farm and Tolstoy Farm in South Africa and go oning into schools set up in Champaran, Sabarmati, Wardha and many other parts of India. Gandhi developed Nai Taleem or Basic Education in which pupils giving few hours daily to academic chases, and the remainder of the twenty-four hours to the public presentation of ‘Bread Labour ‘ that includes trade work, agribusiness, cookery, cleansing and related undertakings. His attack to instruction aimed at beef uping village life and communities. Equally early as 1917, When Gandhi began five little schools for provincials ‘children in Champaran, so he said, â€Å" The thought is to acquire clasp of as many kids as possible and give them an a ll unit of ammunition instruction, a good cognition of Hindi or Urdu and through that medium, cognition of arithmetic, basicss of history and geographics, simple scientific rules and some industrial preparation. No cut and dried course of study has yet been prepared because harmonizing to him I am traveling on a unconquered path. I look upon you present system with horror and misgiving. Alternatively of developing the moral and mental modules of the small kids it dwarfs them. Phase trades, humanistic disciplines, athleticss and jubilation of festivals from all faith were of import parts of Nai taleem. In Nai Taleem there were no text editions as such, but pupils were invariably encouraged to utilize library and can acquire the cognition of diverse field. In the library instruction is non merely the motivation but exposure to different field or topics are besides required. Educationist Gijubhai Badheka emphasised on kids ‘s demand for an atmosphere nurturing independency and autonomy. He gave this thought an institutional footing by set uping Bal Mandir in Gujarat in 1920, and in his Hagiographas, he identified the different aspects of thought. Gijubhai ‘s Divaswapna ( 1990 ) is the fabricated narrative of a instructor who rejects the Orthodox civilization of instruction. This authoritative piece of composing by him outputs rich penetrations into effectual instruction, as it describes experiments in instruction undertaken by an inspires instructor in a ordinary small town school. Gijubhai explains and clearly showed that how to learn history, geographics, linguistic communication and other topics through narratives and rimes, in a manner that appealed to kids. He believed in eliciting the kid ‘s wonder in a 1000 and one things runing from insects to stars, instead than routine text edition learning. Gijubhau wrote a figure of books an d brochures for parents, instructors, general readers and capturing narratives and poetries for kids. J. Krishnamurti excessively thought of instruction in connexion with the whole of life. It is non something stray, prima to disaffection. He looks closely at the procedure of larning in relation to human life. In the life of Krishnamurti, pupul jayakar quotes him speech production of that period in his life some 75 old ages subsequently. â€Å" The male child had ever said, ‘ I will make whatever you want ‘ . There was an component of subservience, obeisance. The male child was obscure, unsure, and ill-defined ; he did n’t look to care what was go oning. He was like a vas, with a big hole in it, whatever was put in, went through, nil remained. â€Å" ( J. Krishnamurti: a life. Arkana,1996 ) . He noted that the instructors have a duty to guarantee that’aˆÂ ¦when kid leaves the school, he is good established in goodness both externally and inside ‘ . Krishnamurti set up two schools in the 1930s, Rajghat Besant School in Varanasi, UP and the Rishi Valley School in Andhra Pradesh, over the decennaries, the KFI ( Krishnamurti Foundation of India ) has kept alive its committedness to meaningful instruction, spread outing its web of schools to Chennai, Uttarkashi, Bangalore and Pune. Like Gijubhai ‘s and Gandhi ‘s schools, KFI has shown that alternate instruction can be made accessible to those from underprivileged backgrounds every bit good. Learning ends are individualised for each kid, and learning AIDSs are carefully designed utilizing cards, books, marionettes, narratives and local stuff. A visit to any of this school of Krishnamurti bring to his idea: ‘Education is non merely to go through scrutiny, take a grade and a occupation, acquire married and settle down, but besides to be able to listen to the birds, to see the sky, to see the extraordinary beauty of a tree, and the form of hills, and to experience with them, to be truly, straight in touch with them. ‘ Mainstreaming Options Invention of Alternatives Schools can distribute to mainstream Education? Though it might look disconnected and confusing, the landscape of alternate schooling is surely fertile! From the scope of schools discussed before, it is clear that there are people scattered across the different parts of the state, woolgathering of a different sort of instruction, and many who are really populating out their dreams. Most of the experiments are little but basically replicable. They reached out their mark population in a meaningful ways to diverse kids, from the different economic backgrounds and from diverse societal scenes. Several Experiments are clustered in Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra with the scattering in other topographic points including Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bengal, Gujarat, Delhi, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and others. It is informative to retrieve that sometimes, there is no difficult and fast line spliting the mainstream from the option. Even hardcore ‘mainstream ‘ schools bit by bit follow some elements of ‘alternative ‘ acquisition in their teaching method to learn the kids. Tonss of primary and nursery schools across the state have for case have adopted the some elements of Montessori and play manner methods, through which kids enjoy the acquisition and catch the technique more rapidly and expeditiously. Widespread inquiring has propelled even the authorities to show in some betterments. Therefore, non formal instruction runs links instruction to societal consciousness. The Bihar Education Project ( in partnership with UNICEF ) has opened Charwaha Vidyalayas ( for kids croping animate beings ) and Angana paathshalas ( courtyard schools for misss in distant countries ) . The Cardinal authorities ‘s ‘ Education Guarantee Scheme, and Alternative and Innovative Education Scheme ‘ employ flexible schemes for out of school kids, including span classs, back to school cantonments and residential cantonments for accelerated acquisition. In some of these, larning results have proved to be of rather a high criterion ( Education for All 2005 ) . Premier teacher developing establishments such as the District Institutes for instruction and preparation ( DIET ) have incorporated a few originative, kid centred teaching methods. The NCERT has devised a new, province of art curricular model for school instruction. Yes all this is still a far call from the realization from the full blown options. It is truly sad to cognize that mainstream instruction still dominates the lives of the huge bulk of Indian kids. It chiefly depends upon its philosophical foundation which rest on big graduated table, centralised, scrutiny oriented instruction, with flexible day-to-day agendas and stiff course of study. In India they are many such illustrations which can be illustrated to a figure of groups who were engaged in seting in their best attempts to convey about important alteration in the field of instruction. They believe in their ain work it does non count to them that their attempt was non in the big graduated table or that it was non seeable to all people in the state. They think that if they or their work even act upon the few immature heads, they set us believing about the tremendous possibilities that would open up if the if local or national authorities support this alterations. The authorities poli cy to put up a National Institute of Open Schooling ( NIOS ) was found to be the most popular and important measure toward betterment in the field of instruction. Such a measure opens the door to informal and individualized gait of acquisition, which was welcomed by most of the alternate schools. Indeed it was the first clip when alternate acquisition was coming on their way of chief watercourse professional instruction. With this authorities enterprise to open NIOS has made possible the followers: The gap of school for slow scholars Inclusive instruction for the otherwise able along with ‘normal ‘ kids. Delinking of the methodological analysis of a larning programme from the stringent demands of the Board Examination. Addressing the different gait of acquisition. Giving a point of entry to the mainstream from an alternate paradigm. In Pedagogy of Hope, Freire writes, ‘ I do non understand human being, and the battle needed to better it, apart from hope and dream ‘ ( Freire 1996 ) . Keeping the hope alive is non easy. To even place and research bing ‘alternatives’-however they may be possibility of being imperfect and uncomplete but still it is an exercising in hope. So today it is really necessary demand to make and remain near to mainsprings of alternate educational thinking-which cuddles within the visions of wider transformative socio-political alterations. These options will go on to develop, spread out and widen. We are required to cast the impression that ‘There is No Alternative ‘ and alternatively, work toward conveying and actively progressively cohesive, meaningful options to the society. Why such Education is needed? Harmonizing to Martha C. Nussbaum, she explains in one of her article that Public instruction is important ingredients for the wellness of democracy. Recently there are many enterprises has been taken around the universe in the field of instruction, nevertheless they are chiefly narrow down their focal point on scientific discipline and engineering, pretermiting the of import topic such as humanistic disciplines and humanistic disciplines. They besides focus on the internalisation of information, instead than on the formation of the pupil ‘s critical and inventive capacities. The writer demonstrated the unrecorded illustration which she has experienced in Bihar with the one of the Patna centred Non authorities administration named Adithi. When they reached a topographic point near to Nepalese boundary line, they found really meager installations. Teaching is done largely outside the schoolroom on the land, or under the shadiness of barn. Students were enduring from basic instal lations such as paper and merely few slates were available that has to be passed manus to manus. However it was originative instruction. Following she visited the girl literacy plan, house in a caducous following door. The day-to-day agenda of misss were small busy as in the forenoon they went for herding of the caprine animal, So there categories began around 4p.m. about 15 misss in entire comes to this individual schoolrooms age 6-15 old ages for three hours of after work acquisition. There are no desks, no chairs, no chalkboard are available, and there is merely few slates and spot of chalks but these job does non halt misss from coming to the category and the passion of the instructor is besides one of the major factor of this binding. The instructor is themselves among the hapless rural adult females assisted by the Adithi plan. . Proudly the misss brought in the caprine animals that they had been able to purchase from the nest eggs account they have jointly established in their group. Mathematicss is taught in portion by concentrating on such practical issues. Author thinks that there are many things to larn fro m given illustrations but few of them can be: foremost, the close linkage between instruction and critical thought about one ‘s societal environment ; 2nd, the accent on the humanistic disciplines as cardinal facets of the educational experience ; third, the intense passion and investing of the instructors, their delectation in the advancement and besides the individualism of their pupils. Now the writer elaborates theoretical account of instruction for democratic citizenship. Harmonizing to her there are three types of capacities are indispensable to the cultivation of democratic citizenship in the today ‘s universe ( Nussbaum, 1997 ) . The First is a Capacity stressed by both Tagore and Jawaharlal Nehru. They emphasise on the capacity for critical scrutiny of oneself and one ‘s traditions, for populating what we may follow Socrates ; we may name ‘the examined life ‘ . This capacity can merely be obtain if we train one ‘ ego, Training this capacity requires developing the capacity to ground logically, to prove what one what he or she reads or says for consistence of logical thinking, rightness of fact, and truth of judgement. Testing of this kind often creates new challenges to tradition, as Socrates knew good when he defended himself against the charge of ‘corrupting the immature ‘ But he defended his activity on the evidence s that democracy needs citizens. Critical thought is peculiarly important for good citizenship in a society that needs and required to come to clasps with the presence of people who differ by ethnicity, caste, and faith. Then after she describes the 2nd portion of the her proposal Citizens who cultivate their capacity for effectual democratic citizenship demand, farther, an ability to see themselves as non merely citizens of some local part or group, but besides, and above wholly, as human existences bound to all other human existences by ties of acknowledgment and concern. It is really indispensable that they have to understand both the differences that make understanding hard between groups and states and the shared human demands and involvements that make understanding indispensable, if common jobs are to be solved. This means larning rather a batch both about states other than one ‘s ain and about the different groups that are portion of one ‘s ain nation.This undert aking includes demoing pupils how and why different groups interpret grounds otherwise and build different narrations. Even the best text edition will non win at this complex undertaking unless it is presented together with a teaching method that fosters critical thought, the critical examination of conflicting beginning stuffs, and active acquisition ( larning by making ) about the troubles of building a historical narration. This brings me to the 3rd portion of my proposal. As the narrative of the dowery drama in Bihar indicates, citizens can non believe good on the footing of factual cognition entirely. The 3rd ability of the citizen, closely related to the first two, can be called the narrative imaginativeness. This means the ability to believe what it might be like to be in the places of a individual different from oneself, to be an intelligent reader of that individual ‘s narrative, and to understand the emotions and wants and desires that person so located might hold. A s Tagore wrote, †we may go powerful by cognition, but we attain fullness by sympathy aˆÂ ¦ But we find that this instruction of understanding is non merely consistently ignored in schools, but it is badly repressed † ( Tagore, 1961, p. 219 ) . Finally, the humanistic disciplines are great beginnings of joy – and this joy carries over into the remainder of a kid ‘s instruction. Amita Sen ‘s book approximately Tagore as choreographer, competently entitled Joy in All Work, shows how all the ‘regular ‘ instruction in Santiniketan, which enabled these pupils to execute really good in standard scrutinies, was infused with delectation because of the manner in which it was combined with dance and vocal. Children do non like to sit still all twenty-four hours ; but they besides do non cognize automatically how to show emotion with their organic structures in dance. Tagore ‘s expressive, but besides disciplined, dance government was an indispensable beginning of creativeness, thought, and freedom for all students, but peculiarly for adult females, whose organic structures had been taught to be shame-ridden and inexpressive ( Amita Sen, 1999 ) . Narrative of a Bird A really beautiful narrative has been demonstrated by the writer about the instruction that if there is no proper counsel is given to teacher towards the kids, so it led to the terrible harm to child ‘s head. Harmonizing to her there is no more fantastic word picture of what is incorrect with an instruction based on mere proficient command and rote acquisition than Tagore ‘s sad narrative ‘The Parrot ‘s Training ‘ . A certain Raja had a bird that he loved. He wanted to educate it, because he thought ignorance was a bad thing. His initiates convinced him that the bird must travel to school. The first thing that had to be done was to give the bird a suited building for his schooling: so they build a brilliant aureate coop. The following thing was to acquire good text editions. The initiates said, †Textbooks can ne’er be excessively many for our intent. † Scribes worked twenty-four hours and dark to bring forth the needed manuscripts. Then, instructors were employed. Somehow or other they got rather a batch of money for themselves and built themselves good houses. When the Raja visited the school, the instructors showed him the methods used to teach the parrot. †The method was so colossal that the bird looked laughably unimportant in comparing. The Raja was satisfied that there was no defect in the agreements. As for any ailment from the bird itself, that merely could non b e expected. Its pharynx was so wholly choked with the foliages from the books that it could neither whistle nor whisper. † The lessons continued. One twenty-four hours, the bird died. Cipher had the least thought how long ago this had happened. The Raja ‘s nephews, who had been in charge of the instruction ministry, reported to the Raja: †Sire, the bird ‘s instruction has been completed. † †Does it skip? † he Raja enquired. †Never! † said the nephews. †Does it wing? † †No. † †Bring me the bird, † said the Raja. The bird was brought to him, guarded by the kotwal and the sepoys and the sowars. The Raja poked its organic structure with his finger. Merely its interior dressing of book-leaves rustled. Outside the window, the mutter of the spring zephyr amongst the freshly budded Asoka leaves made the April forenoon wistful. ( Tagore, 1994 ) This fantastic narrative barely needs commentary. Its impor tant point is that educationalists tend to bask speaking about themselves and their ain activity, and to concentrate excessively small on the little stamp kids whose avidity and wonder should be the nucleus of the educational enterprise. Tagore idea that kids were normally more alive than grownups, because they were less weighted down by wont. The undertaking of instruction was to avoid killing off that wonder, and so to construct outward from it, in a spirit of regard for the kid ‘s freedom and individualism instead than one of hierarchal infliction of information. I do non hold with perfectly everything in Tagore ‘s educational ideal. For illustration, I am less anti-memorization than Tagore was. Memorization of fact can play a valuable and even a necessary function in giving students bid over their ain relationship to history and political statement. That is one ground why good text editions are of import, something that Tagore would hold disputed. But about the big p oint I am absolutely in understanding: instruction must get down with the head of the kid, and it must hold the end of increasing that head ‘s freedom in its societal environment, instead than killing it off. 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Mi Nina Bonita by Chino y Nacho free essay sample

Mi Nina Bonita Everyone loves a romantic song! Especially, us Latino girls. What girl doesn’t love a song from a boy that tells them how beautiful they are? Well if the guy actually means it, they do love it. Mi Nina Bonita is a beautiful, romantic song sung by Chino y Nacho. The album itself is called Mi Nina Bonita and even though it was released on April 6, 2010 people still love it and remember it. In English, mi nina bonita stands for, â€Å"my pretty girl.† The song basically says my pretty little girl, my sweet little princess. I feel like I’m on a cloud flying high when I’m with you. The phrase I like you is too little and that is why I tell you I love you. We fall in love even more when we are together. No one can compare to you because you are so special. We will write a custom essay sample on Mi Nina Bonita by Chino y Nacho or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I thank life because it has shown me that good things can come at any time. I never imagined meeting a person like you or having this feeling for anyone. A love so pure, natural and to anyone; admirable. It’s almost a fantasy full of joy and romance. Who would have even thought that I would fall in love with you and that I wouldn’t be able to live without your love? How would I have known that you were going to be mine and forever? Then it goes on with the chorus â€Å"aqui hay amor,† (there’s love here.) I think every single word in this song is exquisite because it just speaks to me. Even though you might not speak Spanish, you will still enjoy this song. The beat or music to this song is amazing and it really gets you going! The genre of the music is regueton and merengue. So if you know how to dance merengue, this song will definitely get you on your feet and ready to dance or with your hands up in the air. It is definitely one of those types of songs where you want to get your dancing buddy and start dancing while you sing the lyrics of the song. The melody is inviting and joyful and that is one of the many reasons why I really love this song. So many people like, enjoy, and know this song by heart. On YouTube this song has received about 47 million views and almost everyone liked it! This song is mostly liked by girls but because of how outstanding the lyrics are! For girls, this song will certainly go all the way to their hearts, if there is a special someone. To boys, this will be an incredible and beautiful song they could dedicate to a girl, but just to one not to just any girl. Or for the people who just want to dance to a groovy song, Mi Nina Bonita would be it.

Study of Customer Perspective Towards Outlook Business Magazine with Respect to Content, Price and Brand Essay Example

Study of Customer Perspective Towards Outlook Business Magazine with Respect to Content, Price and Brand Essay The intensive exposure to marketing environment has enriched me enough, not only to survive in this competitive environment but to excel and to open my own business in the long run. It gives me immense pleasure to acknowledge the invaluable guidance extended to me by various employees of Outlook India Pvt. Ltd. in successful completion of this project. A sense of gratitude is not enough to express my sincere thanks towards Mr. Himanshu Pandey (National Sales Manager, Outlook India pvt. td), for providing me an opportunity to pursue my summer internship at such an esteemed organization. With equal gratitude I would like to thank Mr. Sumit Bhardwaj (Deputy Manager, sales) and Mr. Sandeep Kumar Sona (Senior Executive, Marketting), for providing me with the insight to corporate culture and under whose valuable guidance and cooperation I conducted my study. I am thankful to all City Managers, Cafe Manager and Cafe Staff for the valuable discussions and suggestions which helped me a lot in understanding this industry and in completing my project work. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Customer Perspective Towards Outlook Business Magazine with Respect to Content, Price and Brand specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Customer Perspective Towards Outlook Business Magazine with Respect to Content, Price and Brand specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Customer Perspective Towards Outlook Business Magazine with Respect to Content, Price and Brand specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I would like to express my deep gratitude towards Dr. K. L. Chawla FORE School Of Management and my Project Guide for his constant motivation and valuable suggestions throughout the internship program. Amba Prasad Tiwari 93007 PGDM-IBM (2009-11) Fore School of Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marketing is very necessary for every organization. It helps organizations in determining what product and services may interest customers and also strategies for use in product development, sales and promotions. Business magazines in India are one of the best ways of getting all the information regarding the current events taking place in the business world of India. Business magazines in India provide all the information that is required to quench the thirst and curiosity of the general mass. The market for the Business India magazine is vast. The Top Business magazines of India are sold in huge numbers all over India. Some of the top business magazines of India are: Businessworld, Outlook Business, Business Today, BusinessBarons and Business India. These are the few Business magazines in India that have an excellent market. Ever since India started riding high on the economic boom after liberalization in 1991, countless business magazines have come into existence in the country and have opened up shops as well. The last few years have seen innumerable Business magazines in India hitting the market and it will not be an overstatement to say that their number would easily touch three scores. Outlook has a group of 14 Magazines; they have 3 business magazines, Outlook business, Outlook Money and Outlook Profit. The Business magazine market has become increasingly competitive and the consumer purchasing patterns are highly volatile and hence effective consumer promotions have a much greater significance in publishers planning. In order to tackle the tough competition from its competitors most of the magazines need to formulate effective promotions so that the consumers are motivated for the subscription purchase. Business Magazine industry has gone a long way in formulating and implementing the promotional strategies. Promotions strategies formulated by different publishers have been diversified to produce good results. All the promotion types Advertising, Sales promotion, Personal selling, Online marketing and Direct marketing are being used effectively to increase the sales as well as market share. Sales promotion is the area where most of the magazines are giving more importance because of its contribution towards the total sales. Effective and attractive promotional schemes are to be formulated for successful promotion of subscription sales. Most of the people know about Outlook Business but they are unaware about Outlook Money (personal finance guide) and Outlook Profit (share market guide). These magazines cater to niche segment of business. Even after having no competitors in magazine industry they are not doing well. Company believes that the reason is that most of the people are unaware about them or if they know about it, they confuse it with general business magazine. This study of consumer perspective aimed at evaluating the customer perspective about Business magazine to find out potential causes, educating people about magazine and suggesting some strategies that company can adopt to do well From the findings of the market survey and by different analysis performed effective strategies has been formulated and proposed which might be useful in devising the future strategies for outlook. The strategies were formulated on a diversified ground so that it will produce optimal results in future. Since the customer retention efforts from outlook are very less, a number of customer retention strategies also has been formulated and proposed. The strategies are formulated by keeping in mind that it should contribute towards Outlook’s journey to become a future leader in Indian print media. Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION 1. 1 MAGAZINE INDUSTRIES: THE INDIAN SCENARIO The magazine industry in India was expecting the sales to grow but the data that have been revealed by the IRS have shown that the sales of magazines have been decreasing. But then also the online subscription part of the magazine industry is seeing a rise of 37% each year, which is a very positive result for the industry. The subscription of magazines online is termed as e-subscription. This method of getting magazines can be a very important market as the technological awareness of people is increasing at a rapid pace. Also technology is being used to facilitate people to get all the things they require. As the competition in the professional lives of people increases the thirst for information and knowledge increases. This thirst for knowledge can be quenched by the proper positioning of the product which is magazine. The positioning of the magazine can be by providing it efficiently to people. The e-subscription market comes into picture with this requirement. And if this market is capitalized upon it can prove to be one of the biggest market with a lot of potential in it. The circulation wise top 10 magazines in India are as follows: India Today (H) India Today (E) Kungumum Grihashobha (H) Kumudam Saras Salil (H) Sarita Meri Saheli Outlook Ananda Vikatan The magazine industry is one of the most competitive industry in the country. The market of e-subscription is showing a great promise by showing growth rate which is very encouraging. The promotion of magazines in online industry is a very attractive task as one has to identify the target segment and then promote the e-subscription of magazines in the websites which are the most popular ones. This will also require e-commerce understanding of a manger. To identify the potential of online subscriptions we have divided our sample space into students and non students. The result obtained from one of the surveys done by IRS demonstrated that IT professionals and bankers are one of the segments which has great potential for taking e-subscriptions as they are always in touch of the net and can access soft copy of a magazine very easily. The potential of e-subscriptions in India is huge as in the country the number of internet users is 60-70 million and 7. million broadband connections. The 3G technology is about to come to the country in some months and 440 million subscribers of mobile are also one of the positives as they are 40% of the total population of the country. The data that 16 million people accessed online articles about 40% more than earlier year is also positive finding for the magazine industry. Outlook Publishing house has no magazine in the top ten magazine lis t and it can capitalize on the online market and go for flank attack by dominating the market and then industry. The magazine market in India is expected to grow at a sound 12 per cent in 2010-11. With a number of international magazines expanding operations in India, the market is expected to grow fast, in spite of the growth of online and social media. Business magazines are by far the most common and popular in India, followed by entertainment (Bollywood), current affairs, fashion and travel magazines. Some of the major players are The Times of India Group, Outlook Group, Dainik Jagran, Lok Satta, The Hindustan Times and The Hindu. The main reasons for the sound growth are that a large part of the population is still not internet- and computer-savvy, the increasing literacy rate and the interest of foreign players in the sector. With the government opening up the sector to foreign investment, whereby international magazines can publish Indian editions in partnership with an Indian company and in compliance with the foreign investment norms, the industry is expected to grow further. Some of the hurdles which this industry might face can be the growth of the electronic-magazine culture and increasing internet usage. This may indirectly also affect the print advertisement industry which largely thrives on magazines and newspapers for visibility Business magazine are aimed at readers at work or at least in support their professional life’s or business sector, occupation or profession. Content is usually based on industry news and features. The business model can include single copy sales, but is mainly based on subscriptions and advertising. some titles have only advertising revenue, and are sent to qualified readers(controlled circulation magazine). t the other extreme, some newsletter publishers have a subscription-only model and carry no advertising. Mostly business Magazine are written and edited by Professional journalists but may also include contributions from expert within the industry covered. Before 2005 Opportunities of FDI in print media market were limited by regulatory constraints to licensing arrangements after removal of these constraints there are still commercial issues wh ich have to be considered by any foreign company entering the market. The most significant of these are: Competition: This is a highly competitive market in which a well established set of domestic competitors already vie for supremacy with a huge range of products. Pricing: By any standards prices are low in India and the market is small in dollar terms. Market conditions in the past three years have seen further downward pressure. For most international publishing companies, it is going to be very challenging to structure a business in a way which can generate sufficiently large returns to look attractive in a global context. Consolidation opportunity: There has so far been very little consolidation of business media of the type that was seen in the US and Europe and in the 1980s and 1990s. Most media companies are relatively small and poorly capitalized. The giants such as Bennett, Coleman of the Times of India and, to a lesser extent, the Living India Group are exceptions. In non-news media in particular, there are clearly opportunities for foreign investors with a long-term perspective to build up a portfolio of titles in a larger company than currently exists. Language: English is the language of business in India and that makes it more accessible in some respects than the other major markets in Asia, Japan and China. There are no additional translation costs and, in theory at least, communications between partners should be more direct than in markets where language is a constraining factor. Outlook Presence in Business Magazine Market Outlook Group publishes 3 business magazines namely: Outlook Business: Fortnightly magazine from outlook group is new way of business journalism in the magazine space. Targeted at decision makers, the product focuses on important business issues and developments with a view to providing clear takeaways – impact and implications for decision-making. A holistic approach ensures all influences on business: economic, political, regulatory and market driven is examined. Views from the best in industry supplement strong analytical in-house features to ensure a fine balance of perspectives, insights and information. In keeping with the rapid unification of markets, Outlook Business incorporates a global perspective, which it sees as a vital input, in all its content. Due recognition is also given to venture capital, hedge funds and private equity. This is only fair, since capital, a key driver of business, is footloose and fancy-free in this brave new global economic order. Outlook Money: In July 1998, the Group launched Intelligent Investor re-christened as OUTLOOK MONEY as of 30-Nov-2002, Indias first personal finance magazine which offers sound strategies for the lay investor, especially the growing segment of salaried middle and upper middle-class and self-employed professionals. Its message is clear and simple: Invest well, borrow wisely, spend smartly. Evidently, that message has gone down well: the magazine sold upwards of 1,00,000 copies a fortnight within a year. One of its distinguishing characteristics is that about 93 per cent of readers retain all past issues of Outlook Money. Outlook Profit: OutLook Magazine is a fortnightly magazine that packs market intelligence incisive analysis of the stock market, while capturing emerging trends tracking market experts their moves. This online magazine promises a unique data section that marks the markets packed with credible analysis. Chapter 2 . LITERATURE REVIEW Before starting any research it is very necessary to read articles and other research papers that have been written on the subject in the past. These literatures help us in developing a strong base for our study and provide us with information that can be used during the research. It also helps in developing objectives for the study. Literatures used by researcher in this study are, 1. Consumer trend report by â€Å"Target cast TCM† This report gives information about change in consumer attitude, perception and usage of mass media (magazines, newspapers, radio and internet). Its key findings include difference between men and women consumers, TV and internet as most important sources of media, present relevancy of newspapers and magazines. (TargetCast tcm, 2009) 2. â€Å"Indian Business magazine† an article on Indianbusinessmagazine. com. It tells us about how business magazines are important and how they are coming up in a big way. It also gives an example of Business India magazine and how this magazine established itself. (Indian Business Magazine) 3. â€Å"Are Newspapers and magazines dying†, an article by Don Dodge. This article was written on September 5, 2006. It talks about the changing reading habits of people. It says that with time the popularity of newspapers and magazines has decreased. People are increasingly reading news online. He has given data to show the reduction in the subscriptions of magazines and newspapers over a period of time. It also states that most of the magazines and newspapers are online today as they do not want to lose their customers and their Ad value. (Dodge, 2006) 4. â€Å"Indian Readership Survey, 2009† This survey covers top 25(according to readership) newspapers and magazines in English, Hindi and several other languages. It tells us about the growth or decline in the overall readership as well as of individual newspapers and magazines. Here all facts are supported by data, which is collected through survey. (IRS, Indian readership survey) 5. â€Å"Newspapers Outperforms Magazines† an article Newspaper National Network This article tells us why newspapers have outperformed magazines and what are pros and cons of magazines and newspapers. Every fact is supported by data. It can be very useful in determining where magazines lack and where can they improve to be at par with newspapers. (Network) 6. â€Å"Indian Readership survey 2008† This is same as the survey of the 2009. The only difference is that it covers only top 10 magazines. If taken up along with IRS survey 2009, it gives us an insight into which magazines are consistently performing well. Identification of such magazines will tell us what different they are doing to be ahead all the time. (IRS, Indian readership survey) 7. â€Å"Six frequently asked questions about magazines† an article on atompublishing. com. These questions tell us a large number of things about customers reading magazines. It answers questions like how can a customer magazine help sales, how can it promote brand awareness etc. These are very useful insights which can help us in knowing about customer perspective and attitude towards magazines. (Publishing) In print media industry there are two main sources of obtaining data to determine readership of any publication: 1. National Readership Survey – NRS 2. Indian Readership Survey IRS National Readership Survey is a survey on all media, but especially the print medium, conducted by the National Readership Studies Council (NRSC) supported by Audit Bureau of Circulation (ABC), Advertising Agencies association of India (AAAI) Indian Newspapers Society. It investigates the readership of about 80 major Indian publications-dailies, weeklies, bi-weeklies and monthlies-in over 475 towns of 57 regions across the length and breadth of the country. The towns, selected, however are publication centers of dailies. By process of ‘systematic sampling,’ over 55,000 households in these towns are surveyed, the number of households in each town proportionate to it population. All men and womenfolk above the age 15 are questioned for about half an hour on the basis of a structured questionnaire. It claimed to be the most thorough readership survey in the country. It provides exhaustive data (available to its clients on computer disks) readership, radio listenership profile’-the socio economic characteristics of the readers of various publications, of cinema and TV viewers, and of listeners to radio, as well as the degree of duplication among publications and between media. Research agencies involved are: IMRB, TNS Sofres Mode and AC Nielsen in collaboration with ORG. Indian Readership Survey is conducted by the Media Research Users Council (MRUC). IRS 2002 is the largest continuous media survey ever conducted (sample size of 229,000 individuals) providing a single-source database for demographics, media habits and product / brand usage across 986 towns and 2858 villages in India. The survey was conducted over two rounds with the field work between November 2001 and November 2002. * This all-India survey conducted jointly with the Media Research Users Council (MRUC) also provides product / brand penetration information for over 50 different products allowing one to link media habits and product usage data for adults and children from the age of 12 years. Both NRS IRS * †¢ Gives media consumption habits, product ownership consumption, lifestyle indicators information on macro demographic geographic parameters. Population coverage: 12 years above Sample size: over 200, 000 Geographic coverage: All India (Urban + Rural) According to NRS 2008, †¢ Press adds 34 million readers in the last 2 years. †¢ Press continues to grow, adding 21 million readers between 2002 and 2005. †¢ Over the last 3 years the number of readers of dailies and magazines put together among those aged 15 years and above has grown from 179 mn to 200 mn a growth of 4% every year. Note: Recently the scope of NRS has been expanded to include those aged 12 years and above but the 15 years age cut-off has been applied for the sake of comparison with NRS 2002. ) †¢ There is still significant scope for growth, as 314 million people who can read and understand any language do not read any publication. It is not just affordability that is a constr aint, since 21 million of these literate non-readers belong to the upscale SEC A and B segments. According to IRS 2009, just when it seemed the print media was booming once again, the Indian Readership Survey 2009 Round 1 has pricked the bubble. There are few newspapers or magazines that have seen any growth? Most have seen erosion in readership. Dainik Jagran retains its No 1 position among newspapers with 19. 07 million readers, Dainik Bhaskar follows second with 14. 57 million, and Daily Thanthi is third with a readership of 10. 23 million. Amar Ujala is still at four with 9. 89 million readers. Malayala Manorama (9. 35 million) and Hindustan (9. 72 million) have interchanged positions at number five and six. Lokmat, Eenadu, Mathrubhumi and Times of India take the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth spots with 8. 0 million, 7. 94 million, 7. 65 million, and 7. 08 million readers, respectively. ToI is the only English daily to find a place in the top 10. Except for Amar Ujala and Hindustan, every other publication in the top ten lists has experienced a marginal decline in readership. For the IRS 2009 R1 an annual sample size of 2. 4 lakh was covered spread equally over two rounds. A total of 1,178 towns and 2,894 villages wer e surveyed. The data represents fieldwork during the full year Jan-Dec 2009. The mid-point of the survey is June 1, 2009. Being a continuous survey, the reporting takes place every six months based on a Moving Annual Total. According to the survey, the number of households has grown by 1. 4 per cent over 2005 to reach 210 million. Individual growth rate has been slightly lower than household growth rate at 0. 85 taking the total 12 yrs + population to 784 million. With single age-breaks now available from the Census, the age group data has been realigned. The proportion of the total share of 20-29 age group has declined from 25 per cent to 23. 6 per cent. The data shows that the reach of mass media has stagnated in the last three years. Press reach has been hovering around at 24 per cent, TV at 55 per cent, radio at 21 per cent, and Internet at 1. 5 per cent at the all India level. In urban India, press and TV have declined. The press reach declined from 42. 9 per cent in 2004 to 41. 7 per cent in 2006. Though TV declined from 80. 2 per cent to 78. 9 per cent in the last three years, CS has shown some growth, from 53. 5 per cent in 2007 to 54. 4 per cent in 2010. The main source of revenue for any publishing group is advertising. An advertiser would like to know the facts and figures before investing his money in advertising. And before investing the money, the advertiser ought to know how many people buy which publication in which area. The ABC gives all these vital facts every six months. The ABC figures are not the outcome of opinions, claims or guesswork, but they are the result of rigid, in-depth and impartial audits of paid circulations of member publications by independent and leading firms of Chartered Accountants working in accordance with the rules/procedures set by the Bureau. Chapter 3: OBJECTIVES PRIMARY OBJECTIVES †¢ To conduct a market study for Outlook Business Magazine in Delhi-NCR. †¢ To assess the Consumer perspective of Business Magazine with respect to price, content and brand. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES †¢ Competitive analysis of outlook Busines Magazine and identification of probable destinations where Outlook business magazines can be targeted. (Generation of sales). †¢ To suggest feasible and viable strategies to increase the sales of outlook business magazines. Chapter 4 : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The projected was executed in such a way that it is complete to the maximum extent covering all the aspects and thus arriving at a suitable conclusion to meet the objective of the project. Few recommendations were also suggested to the company, which can help the organization to grow further and penetrate faster into the new market while retaining their share in business market space. RESEARCH PLAN The research was started with a well laid research plan and weekly schedule. The research plan included the following important stages. 1) Data Sources 2) Research Approaches 3) Research Instruments ) Sampling Design Data Sources Primary Research: most of the data in this project was through primary research conducted in with existing/ potential customers. It was done completely through personal interviews, using a prepared questionnaire as a guide line and the form was filled later after summarizing the collected information. Secondary Research: Latest information available on internet ab out media and entertainment industry and Business magazines was also used apart from the data got through primary research, so as to have a good study of the business magazine market in the Delhi-NCR region. Research Approaches Approaching Customers/Corporate Offices: †¢ Getting permission to meet concerned person in a corporate office would complete almost 50% of the job as it would give is the platform to know about their operations. Get the details of the persons as many as possible in the industry †¢ Spending maximum time in the field, so that to get information about the various print media media resources respondent is currently which helps us to find out their need so as to promote magazine according to their needs. t also helped me in finding a very strong probable cause due to which outlook magazines subscription customer retention is low distribution channel inefficiencies Also try to find out how the process of purchase takes place, which might be different for different departments. Closing the sale: †¢ This is very important for both the parties to build the relation and also for oneself as this give the motivation and adds more value to your work. †¢ To reach to this stage, one must be clear how much work need to be put in, which operates as a funnel like, if u want to reach or make x sales at least you need to meet 10x customers. The time in which this is to be achieve this should also be planned in the similar way. Research Instruments (Questionnaire Construction) The research instrument was both qualitative and quantitative and hence consisted of personal interviews, which were guided by self prepared Questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of 21 questions. The questions were both open ended and closed ended. The closed ended questions were a diverse type consisting of single choices, multiple choices and likert scales. Sampling Design The industries to be visited were based on their type of industry like ship building industry, steel plants and any other major industries. The target population in the research conducted was major industries (both manufacturing and services), auto dealers and hand tool dealers. The sample size in case of hand tools analysis was 52, 38 being industries and 14 being auto dealers and services. The sample for studying the dealers was chosen to be minimum 20, which should have the mixture of both types of dealers like the ones who do counter sales and the ones who don’t deal in counter sales. The target market for the conducted research included industries, auto dealers and hand tool dealers. COLLECTION OF DATA AND ANALYSIS Various Pie-charts and bar-graphs are made to have an easy and quick understanding of the study conducted. Initially all the questionnaires were analyzed individually, and then finally an overall comparison of the various responses from all the dealers was done and analyzed. FINDINGS RECOMMENDATIONS Finally, the various findings from the study were listed out along with certain invaluable recommendations for Outlook, to help them retain and tap the new market space. COLLECTION OF DATA AND ANALYSIS Various Pie-charts and bar-graphs are made to have an easy and quick understanding of the study conducted. Initially all the questionnaires were analyzed individually, and then finally an overall comparison of the various responses from all the dealers was done and analyzed. FINDINGS RECOMMENDATIONS Finally, the various findings from the study were listed out along with certain invaluable recommendations for OutLook, to help them and tap the new customers and retain the existing one. SCOPE OF STUDY The study provided an insight into the Business magazine, expectations and attitude towards hand tools like spanners, pliers and screw drivers. And to find out what factors the customers seek in general, with regards hand tools . This study will help to find out the feedback of OutLook Business Magazine with regards to price, brand, quality, reliability, availability. Chapter 5 : DATA ANALYSIS Data analysis model is econometric model and was planned to be done with the statistical tool SPSS. The data was got mainly in the likert scale for this purpose. The various tools and functions available on Excel were used for necessary calculations. Bar graphs and pie charts were generated to make the interpretation of the results. SPSS software was used for the purpose of factor analysis. PLAN OF DATA ANALYSIS The data analysis done as in the plan given below 1. Filtering of the questionnaire were done 2. The questionnaires were sorted into the respective groups. 3. Coding of the questions were done 4. All the data was entered into different excel sheets 5. This data was copied to the SPSS tool all the variable were explained 6. The other questions related awareness, departments, ranking and current brand were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. 7. Results were tabulated and conclusion and recommendations were drawn. Chapter 6 : RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION Demographics of respondents |Gender | |[pic] |Male | | | | | 41 | | |79% | | | | | |Female | | | | | |10 | | |19% | | | | | |People may select more than one | | |checkbox, so percentages may add up| | |to more than 100%. | | |Age | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Occupation: | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Annual Income | |[pic] |Less than 3 lacs | | | | | |20 | | |38% | | | | | |3 5 lacs | | | | | |15 | | |29% | | | | | |5 -8 lacs | | | | | |9 | | |17% | | | | | |gt;8 lacs | | | | | 7 | | |13% | | | | | |People may select more than one checkbox, so | | |percentages may add up to more than 100%. | | | A good mix of different demographic segments is surveyed in order to maintain unbiased results for the survey. it is also necessa ry to achieve desired level of result accuracy with a given set of constraint(Time, small sample size, resource etc. ) | | | | |People awareness towards business magazine: | | | | | | | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | People may select more than one option, so percentages may add up to more than 100%. From the above bar graph it can be interpreted that in survey’s sample space awareness level of Business Today is highest (87%) recognised whereas Outlook Business comes at second place with comparable awareness level. Whereas Outlook Money and Outlook Profit stood at 4th and 5th position. This support companies speculation about the lower sales figure of Outlook Money and Outlook Profit due to lack of awareness among target audience. Brand Rating of various Magazine: [pic] Among the magazines that analysed in the survey, Businees World brand mean rating in case of brand is the highest which

Juveniles being waived to adul essays

Juveniles being waived to adul essays The biggest and newest trend for juvenile court is transferring juveniles to adult court. The term for this is wavier or certification. The juvenile court does this for two reasons: The court feels that society is threatened because the offender is dangerous and forms a threat on society. The other reason is that the court feels that the juvenile is not able to be treatable or rehabilitated. The children in the world today are under peer pressure and live in environments that contribute to their delinquency. The responsibility for juvenile crime does not lie only with the juvenile, but is shared by the social and educational systems and the adolescents home and family environment. These children are being viewed as adults and are being charged with adult punishments. How can this be? People under the age of eighteen are not even old enough to vote, serve as jurors, sign a contract, purchase alcohol, or serve in the military. Many states continue to lower the age in which children can be waived to adult court. Vermont has set the age for a juvenile to be waived to adult court to the age of 10, Montana, 12, and Georgia, Illinois and Mississippi, 13. Most states have set the standard Our youth is the most valuable asset in todays world. Through education, community and family involvement, and goal-oriented activities for our young people, there may be a chance that tomorrows world will be better than the one we have today. There is hope. Believe in our future generations for a better society. These individuals are our future of tomorrow. The question will always remain for years to come as to whether or not juveniles should be waived to adult court for their mistakes. You be the ...

A World of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

A World of Art - Essay Example In regard to printmaking, the most notable component is that nearly identical images can be produced by inking and printing from original work (Works On Paper, 1984). Woodcutting, etching, printing, lithography, and silk screening are those characteristics of printmaking that separate it from drawing and painting (Works On Paper, 1984). â€Å"L’Oiseau de Bourges† by Malcolm Osborne is an example. Painting, like drawing, is mostly about the tools, or mediums used that help define it like brushes and paint colors. An artist needs to understand what colors make what when they are mixed together, and which brushes to use to attain the correct look he or she wants. Vincent Van Gogh is an excellent example of this with his work â€Å"Starry Night†. The characteristics that form similarities between the three art genres are that they all rely on the mediums to form the artwork. 2. Encaustic- This painting technique was initially developed by Greek shipbuilders who used hot wax to fill the holes in their ships. Artists today use wax as a means to create art by heating it and applying colored pigments then incorporating metal tools or brushes to shape it before the wax cools on top of a wooden base (Sayre, 2007). â€Å"Blue Poem† is a prime example of encaustic paintings. ... Tempera- This type of painting originated all over the world from Russia, Greece, Italy and Islam, and is most frequently used by Muslims (Sayre, 2007). Egg tempera, as it is also known by, consists of dry pigment, egg yolk and water (Sayre, 2007). The combination of ingredients creates an outstanding product which ages very well considering other painting techniques. â€Å"The Crucifixion† is an example of egg tempera painting. Oil Painting- Unlike with the consistency of the tempera paintings, oil paintings have a more undetermined history based on the fact that they do not age as well. However, it is estimated it began in Japan and used in other early civilizations. â€Å"View of Delft† is an example of this as it contains pigment in drying oil like linseed and varnish can be added to improve glossiness (Sayre, 2007). Watercolor- This technique is the oldest known by man (Sayre, 2007). It is utilizing water-soluble pigments by painting them on paper. The pigment was even incorporated into a series of washes to help illuminate the artwork (Sayre, 2007). It is one of the most difficult painting techniques. Monet did a lot of his paintings in water color. Gouache- This technique was originally paired with tempera as an addition to it rather than its own technique, rendered so by the Italians (Sayre, 2007). What artists did was add chalk to make water color opaque. It enhanced colors that the artist intended to bring out in the piece. â€Å"Pathway Painting† uses the gouache technique. Synthetic Media- This technique refers to calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate compounds, i.e. gypsum or limestone (Sayre, 2007). The crushed, dehydrated and heated compounds become stiff-like and perfect for sculpting for artists on a budget.

Recruitment and selection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Strategies for Campus Sustainability

Strategies for Campus Sustainability DR. VIDYA.H.N DR. PUTTARAJU.K. CRAFTING CAMPUS AWARENESS – STRATEGIES TOWARDS CREATION OF CAMPUS SUSTAINBILITY FULL TEXT OF THE PAPER â€Å" First challenge in the design of a new campus is not to create new buildings, but to create a shared vision towards sustainability†. INTRODUCTION –In a College campus each student has a unique role to play in making the campus a sustainable place . One can incorporate values of environmental responsibility in the campus . Students can be made to involve directly by joininga sustainability action team or form their own club or forum and become a sustainability leader through adoption of innovative sustainability goals. A college can create responsiveness of sustainability goals by engaging the campus community in sustainability awareness programs. Students can be made attentive towards rendering individual efforts in reducing the ecological stress in the campus. All the Staff, faculty and students should exert together to reduce energy consumption, promote waste reduction strategies, alternative transportation options, and other sustainability initiatives in offices, classrooms, labs, libraries, buildings, residences and in personal lives. The following was the initial methodology adopted by our Institution INITIAL CAMPUS ACTION PLAN- Identifying the in-campus behavior for each student. Determining group behaviour. Identifying the students present level of conceptualization of sustainability Listing the steps to make them aware of the concept of sustainability Finalizing the skills towards orienting the campus behavior towards sustainability with an action plan After these steps were initialized as our Institution took steps to strategize the concept. THE STRATEGIES OF ACHIEVING CAMPUS SUSTAINBILITY To engage the campus community in the implementation of sustainability goals and actions, certain strategies were required which could be achieved through . Our Institution provided peer support to sustainability programs of each department. Provision for environmental education programs that promote sustainability was taken up Environmental studies as a topic was introduced through Mysore university. Motivation through creativity to identify new procedures and initiatives to promote sustainability was taken up through orientation programs to fresher students . Here they were offered opportunities to exchange ideas, experiences and plans. Our Institution recognized and rewarded successes. Award of Excellency to departments and Student volunteers was mooted To Reduce energy consumption, all students made to turn off the lights when they leave their class rooms. To reduce Greenhouse gas emissions local students were advised to take cycles to college instead of bikes. A beautiful in house campus garden was thus developed .It also served as demonstration gardens to showcase the beauty and diversity of edible landscaping in a campus setting. Additionally, the gardens provided service opportunities for student volunteers to serve n the garden in their free time. The flowers of the rose garden are used in functions to welcome the dignitaries for decorative purposes The flowers are also used to worship the goddess Saraswathi idol inside the campus garden. The herbal plants such as hibiscus tulasi help the environs with healthy air. The Trees of teak , neem asoka are helping the campus with fresh air water sustainability. PROCESS PHASES OF PROGRAMME A formalized process for advancing sustainability in our college campus was done in phases .Phase One had targeted outreach. -This included identifying and providing support for students, volunteer student leaders, building student capacity and communicating with all stakeholders. The Stake holders such as Parents, Alumni , college development Council members were convinced of the concept of campus sustainability. Phase Two, helped campus sustainability activists create general awareness and broaden outreach programs . NSS student volunteers were involved in campus cleaning activities. Faculty joined hands with peer support. Phase Three, consultation with all departments developed into a coherent Action Plan. On this basis the campus was made greener every year our College could fetch the Best maintained garden award . CAMPUS SUSTAINABILITY OUTCOMES ACHIEVED All students strive to turn off the lights when they leave their class rooms. All students voluntary themselves to deposit waste in specific areas only. . In the computer lab students shut down their PCs completely at the end of the day. The Office has set all printers and copiers to default double-sided mode. Using Cycle inside campus -Toward promoting sustainability on campus, on the model of Hyderabad campus was launched the â€Å"cycles on campus† but most of the students come from far off places they are supported by Public transportations facility. Our institution has the intention of ordering high efficiency multi-purpose machines to consolidate printers, faxes, scanners and copiers. All faculty administrative staff carry a reusable water bottle with them. All faculty have set their PC computer screen to go into standby mode after 15 minutes of inactivity Several of the Faculty can Leave the car at home take a walk in the second session of the College. Use natural light to light your office instead of Tube lights CFLs. Using 100% post-consumer recycled paper for use in the office is All faculty carry their own bags for shopping outside the campus. Students are advised to avoid wasting food inside the campus. Reducing the wastage of stationery inside the campus is gradually picking up Watering the plants through channels with waste water recycling. THE OUTREACH METHODOLOGY Our Institution is striving towards enhancing the concept further more through Engaging the faculty and students in research and creative projects in campus Sustainability. Such as conducting environmental art exhibitions, energy saving demonstration projects such as solar street lighting, solar hot water for hostels, solar thermal cooking, institutional biogas plants , electrical mobility, etc , adopting a water Harvesting System etc. All these initiatives will lead to outcome such as reducing the negative environmental impact of the college or university, Saving the college money, educating and empowering students thereby creating a sustainable generation for future. CONCLUSION- Campus sustainability is the need of the hour and is one of key focus areas for sustainability initiatives. These initiatives will make a sustainable difference in campus communities and will assist students to focus on building capacity at individual level and institutions at large . These strategies will help to drive inclusive growth and enable institutions and individuals to work towards achieving their full potential. These initiative will also aim to increase awareness among the student community on the issue of sustainability, to keep the campus clean and green while improving the overall health of the student community. A holistic approach, more commonly including social, economic and traditional environmental considerations in sustainability goals has to become a part of the syllabi in the campus. Colleges and universities across the globe are making the concept of campus sustainability a reality. These initiatives are influencing curriculum decisions, operational budgets, f acility plans, and campus culture. Students, faculty, staff are leading these earnest efforts. Certainly bringing about a campus culture is a difficult work, requiring coordination and cooperation yet a common motivation towards achieving sustainability will follow. ***************** References- Poyyamoli- G- A critical review of campus sustainability in India- a road map for the future A critical review of campus sustainability in India- a road map for the future Bantanur shaila others -Sustainability issues in Indian universities of Higher education Brundtland Commission. ( 1987) World commission on environment and development. Our common future. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press; 1987. Leal Filho, Walter (ed.)( 2012 )Sustainable Development at Universities: New Horizons Series:Umweltbildung, Umweltkommunikation und Nachhaltigkeit / Environmental Education, Communication and Sustainability- Volume 34: 2012 Alshuwaikhat.H.M,Abubakar I (2008)â€Å"An integrated approach to achieving campus sustainability: assessment if the current campus environmental management practice†, Journal of Cleaner Production2008 ********************